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The long-awaited removal of Cyprus from the 'List of the States and Territories providing preferential tax treatment and (or) not requiring disclosure and furnishing of the information upon conducting of financial transactions (offshore zones)' appended to Order 108n of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated November 13 2007 will formally take effect at the beginning of 2013.

Brazil has a unique opportunity to develop the mechanisms for early stage, smaller and also more established medium-sized companies to access the funds they need to grow their business through the equity capital markets.

Freddy Karyadi Oene Marseille The Indonesian government has issued a revision of the mining and coal mining business services regulation through Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 24 of 2012 (which amends Regulation 28/2009). The revision provides a list of sub-fields of mining business service (Usaha Jasa Pertambangan), such as the field of general survey which may have sub-fields consisting of reconnaissance, remote sensing, and prospecting. There is also a detailed list of non-core mining business licences (Usaha Jasa Pertambangan Non Inti), such as civil construction and health.

The difficult economic situation in Europe has increased the focus on bank deleveraging. In Ireland, this is just the latest phase in a process which has seen Irish banks dispose of significant non-core assets located outside Ireland throughout 2011 and 2012. In 2013, the focus will shift to Irish assets and, in particular, loan portfolios connected with Irish real estate. Frequently, these portfolios involve multiple privately-owned companies and investment structures with individuals participating as borrowers and guarantors. The Irish tax system and the real estate focus of the loans means that Irish loan acquisition vehicles offer some distinct advantages over non-Irish vehicles.

Daniel Futej Daniel Grigel Big changes to the Slovak Commercial Code came into force on October 1 2012. These changes toughen the criteria for incorporating limited liability companies and for transferring majority ownership interest in those companies. Further changes seek to toughen the criteria for voluntary value added tax registration for certain defined high-risk entities. Under the new rules, a limited liability company may not be incorporated by a person who has tax arrears exceeding €170 ($217). Tax arrears means any amount owed on any type of tax which has become overdue (income tax, value added tax, excise tax or local tax). This change is intended to prevent natural and legal persons from incorporating limited liability companies when those persons have incurred that tax obligation and have failed to pay the tax owed by the time they are attempting to incorporate a limited liability company. All persons intending to incorporate a limited liability company will first have to prove they have no tax arrears by requesting the tax authority's written consent to the registration of a limited liability company in the Commercial Registry. Provided there are no tax arrears, the tax authority will provide consent within three business days of lodging the request.

On July 20 2012, the Government of Vietnam promulgated Decree 58/2012/ND-CP, implementing a number of provisions on the Law on Securities. Decree 58 took effect on September 15 2012, replacing a number of legal instruments, including Decree 14/2007/ND-CP, Decree 84/2010/ND-CP and Decree 01/2010/ND-CP.

For those investors following Spanish distressed opportunities, there is much more to the market than the traditional distressed corporate debt and NPL portfolios held by financial institutions.

The region’s foremost female lawyers were celebrated at Euromoney Legal Media Group’s second annual Asia Women in Business Law Awards last month

Following the implementation in Italy of Directive EU/7/2011 of the European Parliament and the European Council of February 16 2011, the Italian government has recently approved a legislative decree which introduces substantial changes to Legislative Decree No. 231/2002 relating to late payments in commercial transactions.

The growing interest of foreign investors in the Colombian capital markets has increased portfolio investments in local securities to year records. This has led the Superintendence of Finance (SFC) to regulate proxy voting on local listed securities by foreign investors. External Circular 022 of 2012 details proxy voting for foreign investors through local securities depositaries and adds new duties in connection with their interaction with foreign depositaries.