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On October 12 1998, Deutsche Börse began step two of its electronic trading system: Xetra Release 3. All of the 2,000 or so German and foreign stocks listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange as well as 360 bonds and 28 equity warrants may now be traded electronically. British securities are excluded from trading on Xetra because all market participants of Deutsche Börse may trade British securities on the London Stock Exchange by means of its electronic trading system SETS from January 1999.

The ministry of finance submitted a government bill on amending the Finnish Securities Market Act to parliament in October 1998.

US law firm Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe acted as US legal advisers and US tax advisers to Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) on the launch of its $2 billion 10-year global bond. Partners Christopher Moore and Carl Lyon led the team for Orrick Herrington. The TVA had planned to raise $1 billion, but poor US employment figures issued early on launch day led to strong bond trading and encouraged the TVA to increase the size of the issue. Proceeds from the bond issue will be used to help repay debt owed by the TVA to the US Treasury. In October, the TVA gained the approval of Congress to raise $3.2 billion in Federal Financing Bank (FFB) debt. The new issue is expected to be listed on the New York, Singapore, Hong Kong and Luxembourg stock exchanges.

Oryx Energy and Kerr-McGee have announced plans to merge in a deal worth $4 billion. The combined company will be the fourth largest oil exploration and production company in the US. It will have the equivalent of one billion barrels of oil reserves in oil and gas and an enterprise value of $6 billion. The Kerr-McGee/Oryx merger will consist of a tax free pooling of assets including debt and stock. Oryx shareholders will receive Kerr-McGee stock valued at about $1.8 billion. Kerr-McGee will assume about $1.3 billion of Oryx debt. The new company will be called Kerr-McGee.

US firm Shaw Pittman Potts & Trowbridge has opened a London office. The office plans to take advantage of a gap it has identified in the London market for specialist advice in the negotiation and structuring of technology transactions and outsourcing. The firm, which already has 100 attorneys in the US practising technology, decided to expand its practice into Europe to meet the needs of its existing UK and US clients and to attract new clients. Paul Mickey, managing partner of Shaw Pittman, explains: "London is the centre for financial transactions in Europe. The types of institutions with technology needs are clustered here."

Investors in Barings, the collapsed merchant bank, face further litigation after liquidators blew cold on the City Disputes Panel's (CDP) compensation plan. The City's arbitration service put together the package during three years of negotiations after rogue trader Nick Leeson lost $800million gambling on the Hong Kong and Osaka stock markets, forcing the bank to fold. The panel's package sought to compensate holders of Barings' $150 million floating rate notes, issued in 1986. The agreed package offered $85 million, put up by ING, the former directors of Barings and its former auditors Coopers & Lybrand and Deloitte & Touche. ING bought Baring for £1 in 1995. The majority of the '86 noteholders are so-called vulture funds, specialist traders of distressed debt, who have bought up the bonds with the hope of increasing the compensation award.

Since introducing its specialist debt listing facility, the Cayman Islands has dealt with over 120 applications. Anne Nealon of the Cayman Island Stock Exchange explains the listing rules for structured bonds

Resisting the pressure to devalue the renminbi, the central bank and State Administration of Foreign Exchange have taken steps to prevent damage to China’s foreign exchange system. By Thomas E Jones of Freshfields, Hong Kong

On October 21 1998, the ministry of finance adopted a new regulation on the valuation of receivables, investments and contingency liabilities as well as of the contractual guarantees of credit institutions. Until then, these issues had been regulated through instructions by the banking supervisory authority which ceased to exist in 1997 and was replaced by the Money and Capital Market Supervisory Authority. These instructions have now been overruled by the new regulation entering into force on November 5 1998.

Securitization of assets other than mortgages is now possible in Spain. Iñigo Gómez-Jordana and Ana Gómez of Clifford Chance, Madrid review the new regulations