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The new Act on Venture Capital Investments, Venture Capital Companies and Risk Investment Funds will come into force on June 16 1998.

On April 2 1998, the House of Representatives passed the new Patent Law 16(1)/98. The main provisions of the new law which are significantly different from the old law are as follows:

The proposed cut of the 1.5% stamp duty payable on credits granted by Finnish credit institutions will effect major changes on credit granting. Under the government bill, stamp duty will no longer be levied on loan agreements and mortgages. The amendment is proposed to be retroactive, enabling creditors to proceed an action ex post facto for the stamp duty paid in connection with the granting of the loan if the loan agreement has been signed on or after April 29 1998.

The merger of two New York energy companies, Con Edison and Orange and Rockland Utilities, announced May 11 1998, is expected to increase efficiency and result in net savings of up to US$50 million a year. Cravath Swaine and Moore, New York, is advising Con Edison in the US$790 million acquisition of O&R. The team of lawyers from Cravath Swaine is headed by M&A partner George Belicic.

UK city firm Frere Cholmeley Bischoff agreed to merge with national firm Eversheds' London office on April 30. The new office will have 70 partners and 200 other fee earners. The merger, effectively a takeover, will take effect from August 1 when the firms completely integrate in London operations. However 11 Frere Cholmeley partners, including the firm's entire property and private client practices, are unhappy with the arrangement. They are leaving, with their associates, to form Forsters, a new law firm with a total of 55 lawyers. David Willis will become the senior partner.

New regulations from Argentina’s Securities Commission provide guidelines for Argentine companies seeking to raise capital in the US through ADRs or GDRs. By Malen Gaynor Giron of Asorey & Navarrine, Buenos Aires

A New York Court of Appeals case in May suggested that the US may introduce a system like the UK Mareva injunction to protect assets in insolvency. By Ronald L Cohen of Seward & Kissel, New York

Hong Kong market regulators have acted to promote Hong Kong as an international financial centre while protecting the interests of local retail investors. By Richard A Drucker and Timothy A Steinert of Davis Polk & Wardwell, Hong Kong*

On April 15 1998, the Chilean Central Bank amended certain exchange rules on the issue of Eurobonds and American depositary receipts (ADRs) to cut restrictions and increase flexibility.

The Telecoms Authority of Singapore Act 1992 has been amended to give the Telecoms Authority additional powers to carry out its functions in a liberalized multi-operator environment, bring the Act up to date on changes in technology and new offences, and provide adequate penalties and enforcement measures to regulate telecom and postal licensees.