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Arbitration has become an increasingly important method of dispute resolution. Before the resumption of sovereignty by China on July 1 1997, Hong Kong and China were separate parties to the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards 1958. Chinese artibral awards were convention awards, enforceable in Hong Kong under section 42(1) of the Arbitration Ordinance. However, since July 1 1997, when Hong Kong and China ceased to be separate parties to the New York Convention, section 42(1) has no longer applied to Chinese awards. Questions then arose as to how Chinese arbitral awards can be enforced in Hong Kong.

On September 11 1997, the Supreme Court of Justice (Oberster Gerichtshof) ruled on basic issues of liability extending to statements or omissions made in issuing prospectuses under general rules of Austrian contract and tort law (6 Ob 2100/96h). Because the transaction in question had taken place in 1978, the Capital Markets Act of 1991 (Kapitalmarktgesetz) and the Stock Exchange Act of 1989 (Börsegesetz), which provide for specific rules regarding liability for material misrepresentations or omissions in prospectuses, were not applicable. The 1989 and 1991 acts do not provide a complete set of liability rules and are supplemented by the liability rules of the Austrian Civil Code. The decision will also have a significant impact on future prospectus liability cases falling outside the scope of the acts, ie where prospectuses are not issued in the course of a public offer.

By a judgment dated April 6 1998, the Danish prime minister was acquitted of charges of unconstitutional conduct in connection with the signing of the EU Treaty. The plaintiff, a group of Danish citizens, alleged that a provision in the constitution stating that surrender of sovereignty may only take place in certain defined cases had been violated.

The New Zealand government recently announced a package of 'in principle' reforms to the electricity industry, which have as their primary objective obtaining 'a better deal for electricity consumers'.

Diageo, the world's largest drinks business, is selling drinks brands Bombay gin and Dewar's scotch whisky to Bacardi, at a price thought to be over £1.1 billion (US $1.8 billion). The sale was required by US regulators in order to allow the proposed merger of Guinness and Grand Metropolitan to go ahead. Goldman Sachs entered into a US$2.6 billion multicurrency agreement with Bacardi, consisting of three series of term loans to finance the acquisitions and one series of term loans to refinance the company's existing debt. Frank Aquila and Neil Anderson, M&A partners at Sullivan & Cromwell's New York office, are advising Diageo.

Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT), the largest provider of telecommunications services in Japan, has completed a US$1 billion SEC-registered global note offering, part of a trend by Japanese corporate issuers to borrow in the international market, rather than from Japanese banks or in the Japanese domestic bond market. The transaction is the first global note offering by NTT and the second recent SEC-registered global note offering by a Japanese issuer. Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley Dean Witter acted as global coordinators on the deal advised by Sullivan & Cromwell.

Two New York firms, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom and Shearman & Sterling are advising on the merger between US refuse controllers Waste Management and USA Waste. The merger is valued at $20 billion. Shearman & Sterling is counsel to USA Waste led by M&A partner John Marzulli in New York. Other New York partners are Mary Kate Wold (tax), John Cannon (competition), Margaret Murphy (environmental) and William Roll (litigation). Stephen Sunshine, a partner in Washington, dealt with antitrust matters.

To cut perceived abuses of the safe harbour for offshore securities sales, the US SEC has restricted the use of Regulation S by US issuers. By Richard Muglia and Annemarie Tierney of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, London

The new ISDA standard confirmation for credit swaps should boost the credit derivatives market. By Daniel P Cunningham, R Brent Jones and Thomas J Werlen of Cravath, Swaine & Moore, New York

Foreign investment enterprises in the project finance field must now seek the same foreign exchange authorizations as domestic entities. By Edward Turner and Edward Lam of Shearman & Sterling, Hong Kong and London