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Howard Trust, General Counsel, The Barclays Group, talks to Diana Bentley

A wide-ranging reform and codification of Italian capital markets law tidies up some outstanding problems. It also introduces detailed rules on corporate governance. By Susanna Beltramo and Stefano Agnoli of Studio Legale Beltramo, Rome

The OECD convention against corruption is a major step against bribery. But a totally fair market is still far off. By Michael Hershman of Decision Strategies/Fairfax International LLC, Falls Church, Virginia

Under Swiss law, domestic investment funds, including hedge funds, are to be organized either as investment companies or multiple investors' contracts. Multiple investors' contracts will be governed by the Swiss Law on Investment Funds, while investment companies are subject to the Swiss Company Law, which is part of the Swiss Code of Obligations. If investment companies are listed on the Swiss Stock Exchange, they will also be subject to the listing rules of the stock exchange.

The law of the country where a bank account is kept will usually govern the banker-customer contract. However, the law of another country may affect the account.

On December 11 1997, the ordinary shareholders' meeting of Borsa Italiana SpA, the company to which the organization and management of the Italian regulated markets of financial instruments has been attributed, adopted the regulation aimed at governing the markets, so implementing Article 47 of Legislative Decree No. 415 of July 23 1996.

Traditional Italian lawyers are beginning to adapt to competition from larger overseas firms. The believe they must follow the English and American model while retaining Italian characteristics. Barbara Galli reports

US firms Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher and Flom, and Shearman & Sterling have scooped the worlds's largest deal: the merger between Travelers Group and Citicorp, estimated at $166 billion. The merger announcement was expected to speed up plans for reform of US banking law, which prohibits bank holding companies from involvement in insurance business. Shearman & Sterling is representing Citicorp. Senior partner Stephen Volk and corporate specialist David Heleniak are leading the team.

UK firm Freshfields is starting a joint venture with a Japanese lawyer, or bengoshi. The joint venture is the closest form of cooperation allowed by Japanese bar rules between bengoshi and foreign firms. Freshfields will become the fifth law firm to form a joint venture, after French firm Gide Loyrette Nouel and US firms Baker & McKenzie, Sullivan & Cromwell and White & Case. Restrictive legal rules mean foreign law firms in Tokyo are forbidden from employing bengoshi, or offering them partnerships. The joint venture allows firms to share offices and other expenses, but they must keep all income separate. There are many foreign law firms in Japan but joint ventures are rare because foreign lawyers think the system is flawed. Ruth Markland, Freshfields' managing partner in Asia agrees to a point. "It is unsatisfactory because it would be ideal to be able to offer full partnership," she says. "But we feel the time is right to have a Japanese capability and this is the structure that is allowed." Markland expects the planned economic reform will lead to greater demand for legal services in Tokyo.

• In London, US firm Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld has poached three lawyers from US rivals in the city. Kaamil Ansar, Andrew Thomas and Elisha Flax are being hired to expand the firm's London project finance team. Ansar, a dual-qualified project finance specialist, joins the firm as partner from Jones, Day, Reavis & Pogue. Thomas and Flax, both UK solicitors, join as counsel and associate from Chadbourne & Parke. • US firm Winthrop, Stimson, Putnam & Roberts has also added to its project finance team two partners from rival New York firm Verner, Liipfert, Bernhard, McPherson and Hand. Roy Bowman and Douglas Ochs Alder will join the firm's Washington DC office. Bowman was a shareholder in Verner, Liipfert and chaired the firm's international transactions and trade practice. The firm has also poached project finance partner Jay Fortin from Watson, Farley & Williams.